How to plant winter onions. When and how to plant winter onions. Planting onions before winter

Onions are traditionally planted in the spring, but winter planting of onion sets has its advantages. Such a plant will be more resistant to diseases and pests in the spring, because by this time it will already gain strength. And in winter, the activity of pathogens and pests is reduced to zero.

You should not be afraid that the onion sets will freeze: the soil reliably protects it from the cold. Proper planting of onions and the selection of zoned varieties will ensure a good harvest and a green feather in the garden much earlier than during spring planting.

It is necessary to choose varieties of onion sets based on climatic features. Breeders have developed many types of this useful plant, varieties are distinguished by such characteristics as ripening time, keeping quality, frost resistance, etc. And such distinctive features as the shape of the bulb and its color simply serve as a kind of determinant of belonging to the variety.

You can focus on the taste - some varieties have a sweeter delicate taste, while others are sharp, burning, their taste can be defined by such a popular word as "vigorous". Although it is generally accepted that winter onion sets are always milder in taste than spring ones.

One of the most popular varieties of onion sets - Siberian annual. It is valued for its good keeping quality and resistance to shooting. The slightly flattened yellow onion has a semi-sharp taste. Vegetation period - up to 70 days, yield up to 4 kg / m 2.
Not inferior in popularity to the one bred by Donetsk breeders Ruby- the variety was named because of the light lilac-purple color of the round bulb. Rubin's yield is slightly lower than that of the Siberian annual, 3 kg / m 2, but at the same time very good keeping quality. Vegetation period up to 85 days.
Red Onion Robin intended for sowing in more southern regions, it does not tolerate very severe frosts, but thanks to a powerful root system, it survives drought very well.
Late-ripening Lugansk well preserved, large yellow bulbs have a sharp taste.
The most frost-resistant is the variety bred by Japanese breeders. Panther F1, it is able to withstand severe frosts down to -28°C. It is also resistant to shooting.
Other varieties may not be resistant to diseases, so you need to keep this in mind. For example, the German bow Stuttgarten riesen it is well and long stored, but neck rot and powdery mildew affect it more often and more easily than other varieties of onion sets.
And the one bred in Ukraine Burana large juicy bulbs, but it is unstable before downy mildew.

It is necessary to plant onion sets before winter, focusing on weather forecasts and the readings of your outdoor thermometer. If the thermometer shows + 5 ° С for more than three days, it is necessary to plant sevok. In any case, landing should be carried out a month or even a little more before the onset of cold weather.

Weather forecasts should be taken into account, as it is desirable to grow roots before the cold sets in - but in no case should sprouts appear. Premature planting of onion sets is fraught with the fact that the plant will start shooting and will subsequently be destroyed by frost. And if the gardener plants onion sets for the winter late, there is a high probability that the plant will not have time to grow the root system, and the seedling itself will freeze in the soil and die from the winter cold.

Some gardeners are of the opinion that it is best to plant onion sets before winter almost at the beginning of winter - in the last days of November. But this point of view is acceptable only in warm regions, and then the result of such experiments is unpredictable, you can only rely on luck.

Onion sets are planted in the Moscow region in the same way as in warm regions or in Ukraine. October and the warm beginning of November are the optimal dates. Trouble can deliver only a very strong frost.

When the temperature drops below minus 15, it is necessary to cover the onion beds, but if there is a lot of snow, then frosts onions in the Moscow region are not terrible, and in spring the plant will be provided with abundant moisture.

In the Urals

Planting onion sets and caring for winter plantings in the Urals differ significantly from agrotechnical measures in warmer regions. There can be no talk of any planting in the second half of autumn: the deadlines are mid-October, and it is optimal to plant the seedlings in the ground in September, in the last week.

A prerequisite is a winter shelter for crops, and preference should be given to those varieties. winter onion with high winter hardiness.

The Siberian region has a sharply continental climate, with hot weather in summer and severe frosts in winter. Therefore, few people risk planting winter onions there, even those with high winter hardiness. But in the case of favorable weather and a successful "hit on time" planting, you can get a good harvest. If the planted sevok does not survive the winter, do not despair, you just need to reseed the onions in the spring, choosing the appropriate plant variety.

In the Leningrad region

More northern than the Moscow region, the region imposes its own characteristics on the planting of winter sevka. The dates should be slightly shifted towards September, but in any case, it is better to rely on the long-term weather forecast and signs of a steady cooling approach.

According to the lunar calendar for 2018

The lunar calendar recommends planting winter onions at the beginning and end of September - 1.8 and 27-28.
The second successful moment is October 6-7 and 25.
If even within these terms it was not possible to plant sevok in the ground, you can try your luck on November 2-3, 21-22, 29-30, but this is for those who are not afraid to take risks.

The moon is the moon, but you need to rely primarily on regional climate features and meteorological predictions. As for astronomy, do not be afraid to break the secret course of the heavenly bodies, because the Moon shines equally over all regions, and the frosts are different everywhere.

Proper planting of winter sowing is not only the optimal time, but also the observance of agrotechnical subtleties. In particular, it is imperative to maintain the correct crop rotation - for example, onion and garlic beds, after two years of use, must rest for at least four years.

Corn, tomato, cabbage (all kinds), cucumbers, peas and beans, beets.

But such predecessors as potatoes, celery and parsley, beans can infect onion crops with nematodes.After carrots and radishes, winter onions can be planted if the predecessors were harvested in July.

You need to prepare ahead of time, long before the onset of a cold snap - approximately 35 days in advance. Mineral fertilizers must be applied to the soil - potassium salt (approximately 15 g) and superphosphate (up to 25 g) will be required per square meter of beds.

If necessary, mineral fertilizers are replaced with ecofoska in the same amount. When digging the beds, humus is introduced, 5-6 kg per square meter. And immediately before planting the sevka, wood ash is introduced into the soil, 10 g per meter.

The soil before planting the winter sowing should be slightly compacted, after which grooves should be laid with a chopper or other garden tool, the depth of which should be 5 cm, and the distance between the grooves should be 15-20 cm. The distance between the sowing in the groove should be 5 cm, it must be dry. Crops are sprinkled with earth ( It must also be dry! and slightly tamped.

Crops do not need watering, you can water the garden bed if no rain has passed after ten days after planting. In other cases, nature itself will make sure that the plant has moisture.

The onset of frost is the time for mulching beds with winter onions. Dry leaves, spruce branches, pine needles are suitable for this, light dry mulch should be pressed to the ground with something not very heavy - branches are best suited for this.

In a snowless cold winter, you can escape with a film stretched over the mulch. If there is enough snow, a film coating is not needed.

If batun onions are planted, the planting rules are the same as for onions, although batun is not grown for turnips, but only for green feathers. If you decide to plant shallots, then you need to cut off the neck and immerse the onion in warm (30 ° C) water for a day.

In winter, the beds of onion sets do not need special care, except to correct the film if necessary and make sure that the soil does not remain bare. In the spring, the main thing is to maintain the correct timing for removing the shelter. If you remove it late, the onion will get stuck, the sprouts will be delayed through the soil layer. Early "undressing" of the beds can damage the crops by the returning cold.

When spring warming comes and the soil warms up, the film is removed, after a week - the mulch cover. The open ground is loosened and 10 g of wood ash per square meter is applied. Watering is done as needed, if there is no rain and the earth dries up. Every rain or watering is a signal for loosening, it is good to remove weeds at the same time.

As soon as four leaves have formed, you can fertilize the beds a second time, as this is a sign that the bulb in the ground has begun to form. For feeding, they use the same mineral fertilizers - potash and superphosphates - as in autumn, and in the same proportion. It is better if the granular fertilizers are dissolved together with the ash in the fermented grass before being applied to the soil. A necessary condition is the thinning of thickened crops. The pulled onion is suitable for making delicious vitamin salads and just for eating.

As an alternative to mineral fertilizers, chicken manure can be considered, which should be liquid and not too concentrated. With sufficient rainfall, onion beds can be watered occasionally, but a warm and dry spring is a reason to water the beds twice a week.

To protect the beds from the onion fly that appeared in the spring, the area where the bough sets are planted is surrounded by flowers that repel pests. Optimal is calendula and marigolds.

Sowing onion sets before winter: video

Planting onion sevkom before winter: secrets and varieties - video

Onion sets planted for the winter will delight you with a bountiful harvest if you follow all the rules for planting and caring for and choose varieties of winter onions, taking into account the climatic features of the region. The harvest of such onions is harvested a month earlier than that of those planted in the spring.

Planting winter onions is recommended in order to get a harvest at least two months earlier. In addition, onions planted before winter are more resistant to diseases and unattainable for pests. In this article, we will look at how winter onions are planted in the fall, what is the scheme of planting and growing.

What are the advantages of winter varieties

Autumn planting of onions is convenient for the following reasons:

There is no need to create conditions for the storage of seed - sevka all winter. For autumn planting in the ground, special seeds are used, called oatmeal. Their size does not exceed 1 cm in diameter and during the winter they can lose their qualities and dry out.
Early shoots are not susceptible to common onion diseases, since the cold ground does not contribute to the spread of fungi, pathogenic bacteria and pests. By the time they go into effect, the bow will have already reached the condition, and then the bute is removed.
For planting in the fall, special varieties of onions have been developed that are frost-resistant and resistant to the formation of arrows.
Landing in the ground in the fall allows you to get green onions in late April or early May. A marketable bulb can be grown by June. For comparison: during spring planting, the bulb ripens only in late July or early August (depending on the region).
Cultivated areas are saved, because after harvesting winter onions, some vegetables can be grown. This property is especially valuable in the south of Russia, where the warm period lasts longer than in the middle lane.
Most of the growing season occurs in the spring when the soil is still damp. As a result, winter onions need to be watered less often than in summer.

One of the advantages of growing winter onions is that the heads grow large.

Where to get sevok for winter sowing?

Since winter onion bulbs are not large - up to 1 centimeter in diameter, they are not able to form arrows, as they do not have enough energy to deliver nutrients to the height of new seed formation. However, they have enough strength to form a juicy green feather, and then a bulb.

Sowing material is sorted according to the size of the bulb according to the rules given in the table.

Material name	Landing time	bulb size
"Ovsyuzhka"	Winter	Less than 1cm
First category	Winter, spring	1 to 1.5 cm
Second category	Spring	1.5 to 3 cm
"Sampling"	Spring	More than 3 cm

Usually seeds are purchased in specialized stores. In the assortment of sellers, such varieties stand out as: Wolf F1, Kip-Well, Senshui Yellow, Buffalo, Avanti, Augusta, Radar and Radar F1, Sturon, " Danilovsky", "Odintsovets", "Stuttgarten Riesen", "Ibis F1", "Imago F1", "Balstar F1", "Extra Early Gold F1", "Music F1", "Panther F1" and others. They are frost-resistant, not prone to bolting and give high yields.. In some varieties, the sets are larger than the usual size of a winter bulb of 1 cm.

Sevok variety Sturon. It is better to buy sevok in advance during the period February - March, when you can find any variety

Experienced gardeners prefer to grow winter sets on their own.. The process looks like this:

In the spring, after the snow melts, densely in strips up to 5 centimeters sow nigella - onion seeds.
The aisle is formed so that it is convenient to weed weeds.
Crops are covered with sifted soil with a small (2 cm) layer of earth, rolled a little to prevent wind erosion of the soil and mulched with humus, straw or other suitable material.
Irrigation of crops is carried out, which is repeated after the appearance of the first shoots, and later when the soil dries.

Every time after heavy rain, the beds should be loosened to facilitate air access to the roots.

This is how the buds in which the nigella is formed look like in the middle of the growing season.

Tip #1 Growing onion sets are not recommended to be strongly fed. Otherwise, there is a risk of loss of seed properties.

After the yellowing of the onion leaves and their lodging, the plant is removed from the soil and left on the ridge to dry. Then the bulbs are separated from the dried leaves and sorted: anything less than 1 centimeter is intended for planting in the fall, anything larger than 1 centimeter is set aside for planting next spring. All damaged seed material is eliminated.

What predecessors will not harm onion crops?

Before planting winter onions, you should carefully look at the predecessors. It is preferable that earlier in the chosen place grow:

peas, beans and other legumes;
grain crops (rye, corn and others);
various types of salads and cabbage;
potatoes of early ripening;
tomatoes;
cucumbers;
carrots and beets.

The best results are achieved when the previous crops on the site were corn, potatoes or white cabbage. It is not recommended to plant winter onions after oats.

How to prepare the soil for planting winter onions?

For winter onions, a dry ventilated area is allocated. Wet soil, and even in winter, will ruin the plantings. The best soils for onions are humus mixed with sand or loam. . If groundwater is located close to the site, drainage must be done.

The soil is prepared in advance, for which the area allotted for onions is dug up, humus or fertilizers are added, as shown in the table.

Immediately before laying the seeds, wood ash is poured into the holes.

However, it is better if the humus is applied under the predecessors, then by the time the onion is planted, it will fully acquire the soil structure.

When choosing an area for planting onions, one must also proceed from the fact that it is undesirable to plant onions in one place for more than two years in a row. Then a plot of at least five should be occupied by other crops. If this condition is not observed, the soil becomes infected with pathogenic substances that even frosts cannot destroy.

The scheme for planting onion sets is as follows. Planting bulbs at a distance of 12 cm between seedlings and 25 - 30 cm between rows. Onions are planted with roots down and sprinkled with earth.

When to plant winter onions?

Onions are planted before winter in September, if the site is located in the southern regions of the country, in August - if in the middle lane. Bulbs should be planted in the ground at least a month before the onset of stable frosts. Usually they are guided by a stable temperature of + 5 ° C; when it lasts for a long period - it's time to plant winter onions. Under these conditions, the plants have time to release 4-5 leaves, and the diameter of the neck reaches 5 millimeters.

However, varieties have appeared that should be introduced into the soil before the end of August. The main condition remains the same - to get 3-4 sheets by frost. Such plants have a slightly longer growing season, allowing them to take root thoroughly by the cold.

How to plant winter onions?

The rules for planting winter onions are as follows:

Furrows are cut in a carefully loosened area, 5 centimeters deep. The distance between the furrows is from 10 to 25 centimeters. The depth of laying the bulbs may be greater (up to 10 cm) if the region of growth is characterized by severe frosts.
Bulbs are laid in ridges at a distance of 4 to 10 centimeters from each other. The size of the intervals depends on the size of the bulbs of the set.
The bulbs are covered with a mixture of garden soil with sand or humus. The ridges are watered and in the future the soil should be moist until the onset of frost.
The ridges are mulched with autumn leaves, straw, etc. to protect against severe frosts and snowless winters. The mulch layer should be thicker the more frost is expected. In spring, the mulch layer is partially removed and used for other purposes.

Shoots in autumn shortly before frost. In spring, onion plantings are sprinkled with mulch, which allows the onions not to dry in the sun. Mulch consists of needles, leaves and dry grass

Tip #2: When planting before winter, the neck of the onion is not cut off so that rotting does not occur.

Tip #3: Ridges should be slightly raised above the main site. Then the bow will not be in danger of flooding.

How to properly care for crops?

In autumn, the main thing is to observe the seedlings and cover them in time in the winter.

In the spring, the following activities should be carried out:

Reduce the mulch layer on the ridges or remove it altogether if soil quality permits.
Thin out crops intended for growing turnips if there is a strong thickening. The distance between individual plants depends on the expected size of the finished bulbs.
Loosen the ridges, if possible in conditions of dense crops.
Feed the plants with nitrogen fertilizers.
Water crops regularly if the soil dries quickly.
Treat green onions with chemicals several times to control pests and diseases. It is worth using folk methods of confrontation with negative factors, if any, in the arsenal. A bear, onion fly, powdery mildew, etc. can get a decent harvest of winter onions.

Tip #4: Fresh manure for onion crops cannot be applied. Otherwise, they will either die from an excess of nitrogen, or produce a crop unsuitable for storage.

Gardeners' mistakes when planting winter onions

Here are the most common mistakes gardeners make when planting onions in the fall:

The necks of the winter onion sets are cut off, which leads to the decay of the bulb in early spring.
In autumn, sevok is planted, grown independently, and exceeding the size of 1 centimeter. In the spring, you should expect the appearance of many arrows and, as a result, crop losses. Larger sevok can be planted before winter only if it belongs to purely winter certified varieties.
When growing seeds on their own, the nigella was sown too densely, and the picking was not carried out. It will not be possible to obtain high-quality sevka in such conditions.

Recommendation from practice. What variety of winter onions to plant for storage

Among the varieties of winter onions, we single out Kip-Vell. From the practice of gardeners:

The weight of the sevka reaches 10 grams. It is planted in October and before frost has time to take root and bring out a few leaves. Due to the size of the bulbs, the distance between them is up to 10 cm, between the rows is 25 cm. The final bulbs of 300 grams declared by the developer do not come out, but getting an onion of 150 grams is real. Well kept and justifies the translation of the name from English.

Answers to current questions of gardeners

Question number 1. Why is it necessary to use only sowing less than 1 cm in winter sowing?

Such seeds, due to their smallness, are not able to provide food for green shoots that turn into arrows. Their strength is only enough to form a small feather, and then to create an onion that goes into food. If you bring in an onion larger than 1 cm in autumn, it will inevitably try to release an arrow in the spring first, and then form seeds. She has enough energy to feed her offspring in the form of future blackies.

Planting winter onions during planting, if the sevok was larger than the prescribed size. Broken arrows are visible in the image.

Question number 2. How long after chemical treatment can green onion feathers be plucked?

When chemicals are used to control pests and diseases on onions, it takes time for them to decompose in plant tissues. For the onion to become safe, 7 to 10 days must pass from the moment of processing. More is possible, less is not.

Question number 3. Is it possible to do without chemicals during winter planting?

You can do without chemistry during planting, drugs will be needed only in the spring, when the process of active vegetation begins. But even then, chemistry can be excluded using manual labor (weeding, weed cutting) and folk methods of dealing with negative factors.

Question number 4. After how many years can you return to planting onions on the site?

To fully restore the quality of the soil suitable for planting onions, at least 5 years must pass.

Question number 5. How much sevka will come out of nigella, and what kind of crop can be obtained from one hundred square meters?

Reference books give the following data: 100 grams of nigella contains about 30 thousand seeds. In the future, it all depends on the landing density.

From one hundred square meters, the harvest of winter onions can be harvested according to the norms established by agricultural producers, up to 300 kg. In reality, of course, the harvest is less, but it all depends on the conditions created on the site.

» Onion varieties

Onion is such an agriculture, the demand for which is difficult to underestimate. Not a single kitchen and not a single hostess can do without this culture. It is widely popular in hot dishes, and in salads, and in various sauces and seasonings, and in preservation. And the saturation of the vegetable with vitamins has contributed to the fact that now many gardeners and summer residents prefer to grow it in the winter way. After all, after a long winter and spring beriberi, the green feathers of this vegetable crop are needed on the table as early as possible.

We all know the phrase “winter wheat” well, but “winter onion” has not yet become very widely used by our gardeners. Although at the present stage, this method of growing is gaining momentum and becoming more and more popular.

After all, this method of growing does not require any effort and cost, and without much hassle allows you to get an ultra-early harvest of such a turnip. And the growing technique is on the shoulder even for beginner summer residents and gardeners.

Winter onion close up

Not all varieties are suitable for winter cultivation. Especially for this technique, breeders have bred new varieties and hybrids that are able to overwinter under a ball of snow and slowly grow and grow stronger under short daylight hours in winter.

Popular varieties

The most popular winter varieties of vegetables are:

This variety is able to withstand frost down to minus 18 degrees. It is completely unpretentious and requires almost no care. Harvest begins to be harvested 70-80 days after planting. Bulb of the correct rounded shape with white pulp.
This variety has high germination, excellent taste of bulbs and early ripening. Harvested in early June. Turnips with white pulp of medium size: 100-150 grams.
. It has the same properties and characteristics as Ellan, only its larger bulbs in favorable conditions reach 300 grams.
also has excellent germination and excellent taste. In addition, it has a long shelf life (up to 8 months).
It also has early ripening, good germination. This variety is distinguished by a sharper taste of the bulbs and a higher content of vitamin C in them.

Winter onions, regardless of its variety, are distinguished by larger fruit sizes.

Planting a winter bow and caring for it

Onion crops are usually harvested at the end of the summer season. After harvesting, the bulbs are sorted and sent for storage. also has its own economic advantages. For spring planting, bulbs of at least 1.5 centimeters are usually chosen, since smaller ones can simply dry out before spring. These small bulbs are perfect for planting in the fall. Thus, turnips, which could simply go bad, will also please with their harvest. The germination of winter onions is somewhat less than spring onions, but given the fact that only rejected fruits are planted before winter, there is no risk of loss in this case at all.

Before planting winter onions, no special soil preparation is required. It is enough just to remove the weeds, and dig the site. Such a culture is also very undemanding to the composition of the soil.

Winter onion care: weeding and loosening

You can not plant a vegetable for several years in a row in the same place. If onions or garlic grew on the site, then it is recommended to plant such crops there again no earlier than after 5 years.

Good plant precursors are cauliflower, legumes, cucumbers or tomatoes.

There is also no urgent need to fertilize the site before planting. It will be enough for those fertilizers that the onion predecessors received. You can only add a little ash to the soil.

The site should be in a well-lit place, it is better to choose a hill.

Bulbs are planted at a distance of 8-10 cm from each other, in previously dug furrows. The distance between the grooves should be 15-20 cm. The turnip is deepened by no more than 3 cm, otherwise in the spring it will be difficult for the bulbs to break out of the ground and lightly tamp. This is what distinguishes spring planting from autumn, in spring the heads are buried deeper into the ground. There is no need to specially water the area after planting the onion heads.

Planting winter onions

Bulbs are planted in the second half of August - the first half of September. Drop off times vary by region. In any case, it is necessary that the onion be planted no later than 4 weeks before the hard frost. The plant needs to take root well and get stronger before the onset of cold weather.

Before frost, be sure to insulate the area with onions. To do this, it is covered with dry leaves, bean tops, agro-canvas.

As soon as the snow melts in the spring and the earth begins to warm up, it is necessary to provide the culture with full access to sunlight. To do this, the cover is removed. The beds with the onset of spring and heat must be mulched. T which procedure will not only retain sufficient moisture and heat, but also protect against overheating.

If it is warm during the day, but there is a threat of night frosts, it is necessary to cover the area with agrofibre at night. It not only warms the plants, but also does not interfere with air circulation. You can also use a film as a shelter, but at the same time the access of oxygen to the culture will be very limited.

In the spring, seedlings can be fed with a weak solution of mullein or chicken manure. Nitrogen fertilizers can also be used.

Water the plot with onions in the spring, after the first shoots appear. Further watering is carried out with a break of two weeks.

The harvest of winter onions begins to be harvested in early June. To harvest, you need to carefully dig up ripe turnips.

Advantages and disadvantages of the method

Harvesting winter onions

The advantages of this method are quite a lot, these are:

Profitability. Bulbs are planted before winter, which might not survive until spring.
Excellent taste qualities.
Unpretentiousness and undemanding care.
Large size turnips.

When to plant onions before winter in order for the crop to grow worthy, we will look into this article, because in most regions of our country, onions are most often planted in the fall. In addition, it is important to choose the right place for landing and skillfully prepare it. This article provides tips to help you figure out how to you can plant onions before winter and what should be taken into account?

Benefits of planting in the fall

There are several advantages of planting onions before winter:

Winter types of onions give a harvest earlier than spring ones by about 2-4 weeks. They are harvested in July, and something else can be planted in place of germination;
Small oatmeal (sevok) practically does not shoot arrows, but a large one is sure to shoot, but it gives fragrant early greens. Therefore, this moment is left to the discretion of the gardener;
Thanks to natural selection in cold weather conditions, the harvest will be healthy and of high quality;
Many pests that affect early crops (carrot flies, cruciferous fleas and others) do not affect early onions;
Absence of weeds that cannot compete in growth with early onions. This eliminates the need for weeding;
A sufficient level of moisture for the formation of bulbs, due to snow melting;
The bulbs are larger than those of the spring species, but are stored a little worse;
Save time, because in autumn there are fewer worries than in spring.

Which bow is better plant before winter

There is a large selection of onions, which may differ in terms of ripening, taste and storage conditions. What kind of onion to plant before winter:

It should be remembered! For autumn sowing in the northern regions, southern (heat-loving) varieties are definitely not suitable and vice versa.

When to plant onions before winter

Timing

How to properly plant onions in autumn, when to plant winter onions and how to protect them from frost, we will consider below.

In those regions where winters are not very cold, it is better to choose a period of 30-35 days before the onset of frost, in late October - early November.

It is necessary to monitor the temperature outside, when it stays +5 degrees for several days, then it's time to plant onions.

Watch the video! Planting onions before winter

Important! If the onion has time to germinate by 1-2 cm, then nothing will happen to it in winter. But if the greens rise to a height of 5-7 cm, then it will be difficult for him in winter, especially with little snow.

When not to plant onions

It is difficult to say on what days onions cannot be planted. You should pay attention to weather conditions. Before the start of frost, the plant should have roots, but the arrows should not go. If you plant it early, arrows will appear and the plant will die in the winter, and if it is late, then it may happen that the roots have not yet become stronger, and the result will be the same, the onion will die.

Then you can plant onions

In order for the onion to grow well, it is better to plant it after such crops:

So that the plant is not damaged by nematodes, you can not plant it after:

Alfalfa;
Clover;
beans;

The second crop can be grown onions after:

Rapeseed;
beets;
beans;
Peas;
barley.

If the crop from these plants was harvested before the third decade of July.

Can I plant onions after onions? Only 2 times in a row. After that, you need to take a break for 4 years, as in the situation with the landing garlic .

How to plant onions before winter

If this planting option is preferable, you should choose the right place where the onions will be planted and prepare the bulbs themselves.

Site selection and site preparation

The place on the site must be chosen so that moisture does not stagnate. At the same time, it should be open and sunny, so that in the spring the snow quickly melts and the earth warms up.

The bed on which the onions will be planted must be prepared in advance. The earth should be loose and fertile, with neutral acidity. You can enter:

humus or compost;
superphosphate (15-20 grams per square meter);
wood ash is introduced into the soil or directly into the holes. It will serve as a fertilizer and a means of preventing rot.

They plant such a bow in ordinary or high beds, maybe even in a greenhouse, then germination will begin earlier.

If there is no greenhouse, but you want to speed up ripening, you can make a small greenhouse after the snow has melted. To do this, use a film or spunbond.

Selection, preparation and processing of planting material

The first stage is the choice of bulbs. They must be carefully sorted out, selected damaged or rotten. Then it is necessary to divide into parts:

small oatmeal, up to 1 cm in diameter, will go to the head;
onion sets, which has a diameter of 1-3 cm is suitable for the head and for the pen;
large onions with a diameter of more than 3 cm will go to early greens.

Important! Small bulbs will have few feathers and develop poorly.

Some gardeners disinfect planting material before planting in the ground:

To do this, the bulbs are dipped in potassium permanganate or a solution of copper sulfate for 5-10 minutes, and if in the spring, then for 20-30 minutes.
Then the bulbs are dried for 12-24 hours. But it must be remembered that dry heads will endure frost better than those that are swollen from moisture. Moreover, they grow faster.

Advice! If you need to speed up the shooting of the set, you can try to warm it up.

In a warm solution of potassium permanganate (the temperature of which should be 50-60 degrees), lower the bulbs. Before planting in the ground, the grooves are spilled with boiling water.
In a canvas bag, hang the bulbs near the battery and leave for 2-3 days. You need to make sure that they do not come into contact with the heater.

Planting process

Stages of planting winter onions before winter:

Important! To mulch the beds or not depends on the climate of a particular region. Where the winter is mild and snowy, there is no need for additional shelter.

When to expect shoots

If the weather conditions are favorable, then seedlings appear already at the end of March, which will bear fruit 30 days earlier than when planted in the spring.

Features of care

There are no special requirements for onion care. It is enough to understand the stages of cultural development and act in accordance with agrotechnical requirements.

Emergence of seedlings

When the snow melts, it is recommended to remove the shelter from the area where the onion is planted. This will speed up the emergence of sprouts, thanks to sunlight.

Loosen the soil after rain or watering, while removing weeds. If the plantings are thickened, when 3-4 leaves appear, you can thread them. Greens will go to food.

top dressing

After removing the covering material and mulch, wood ash is scattered over the bed (10 g per square meter).

When 4 leaves appear, the process of bulb formation has begun. Then she needs to be fed. Onions prefer azofoska, in proportion to 1 square meter 20-25 grams. Or you can apply organic fertilizers, such as a solution of chicken manure.

Watering

If there was a snowy winter, and heavy rainfall in spring, then onions are rarely watered. If the weather is dry, then you will need to water it once every 7 days.

Diseases and pests

Landings can be affected by such pests:

Landing features

Moscow region and Ukraine, as well as warm regions. There are no landing features. If the temperature drops even to -15 degrees, then the covered bow is not afraid. In severe frosts, plants can partly suffer.

In the Urals. There are slight differences from planting in temperate climates. Planting time falls at the beginning of the autumn period, at the end of September and lasts until mid-October. In the Urals, the plant must be covered for the winter. For cultivation, it is better not to use heat-loving varieties, preferring frost-resistant species.

Siberia. It is difficult to talk about the possibility of planting onions before winter, because not every culture can endure Siberian severe frosts. It is possible that something will come of this, under the conditions of a perfectly matched planting time and a gentle winter. But, in any case, you can sow onions in the spring.

Watch the video! Planting onions before winter. Simple and reliable way

Well, friends, it's already September and the time is coming when planting onions before winter in open ground becomes an actual occupation for many. Almost all the happy owners of land begin to prepare the land for winter planting. Like many of you, I have been planting two varieties of onion sets in the fall for more than five years in a row, and every year I harvest earlier than my neighbors. For me, the advantage is that you don’t need to worry about the safety of the sevka until spring. In fact, planting onions before winter is quite simple, planting is practically no different from spring. The main thing is to choose the right variety for your region and do all the work on time. If you want to know the exact timing of planting onions before winter in your region, read the note - When to plant onions before winter in 2018 in different regions. And so, let's talk...

What varieties of onions can be planted before winter

Onion varieties before winter are characterized by increased frost resistance and early germination. Therefore, planting onions before winter should be carried out with a pre-selected variety. Hybrid species that are designed for short daylight hours are most suitable. In this case, the bulb will begin to form when the daylight hours last twelve to fourteen hours. Sevok, which was created for, should not be planted in the fall - it most likely will not tolerate frost,. Here are the qualities that a suitable variety should have:

frost resistance;
ability to grow quickly;
maximum germination.

There are many varieties on the market that match these characteristics.

Here are the best varieties of onions to plant before winter:

Strigunovsky is a universal variety that belongs to small-nested plants. It has light scales after maturation becomes yellow. It happens one year and two years. The fruits are large, on average 50-90 g. At least 50% of the bulbs ripen, often 98%. The taste is spicy. This species originated in Russia.
Danilovsky - this species appeared in Russia. The fruit weighs an average of 94 g. Their shape is often flattened, the skin is purple. The taste is quite mild, suitable for salads. It can lie all winter and is able to mature in short summer conditions.
Arzamas - appeared in Russia, rather heterogeneous, it can be flat, round or oval. This happened because of the work of breeders. The scales are yellow with a pinkish tint, the taste is quite sharp, the variety is well stored.
Golden-yellow - as you might guess from the name, the skin color is golden yellow. The taste is medium-sharp, it stays for a long time. You can both put in salads and heat-treat. The onion is round, weight 40-60 g.
Chalcedony - the taste is semi-sharp, it is stored well, the harvest is approximately 92% of the total planting. The bulbs are quite large, oblong, the ripening period is 3 months.
Shakespeare - the pulp is white and juicy, the sharpness is medium. Weight about 100 g. Lies all winter. Disease resistant.
Radar - differs in large size, washes weigh 300 g or more. The scales are golden, few arrows, resistant to diseases, unpretentious in care.
The Black Prince is the red variety. Weight approximately 70 - 100 g. Many useful substances. Sweet in taste.
Lugansk - a golden onion of a round-oval shape, the weight of one vegetable is about 140 g.
Buran - weighs an average of 90 grams, the onion is round, the scales are golden yellow.
Robin is a red onion, the taste is slightly spicy, it lies for a very long time. The average weight can reach 150-200 g. Resistant to diseases.

For planting onions before winter, the white Stardust variety has proven itself very well.

This is a short list of varieties that are popular specifically for planting onions for the winter. In fact, the onion culture is cold-resistant and almost all varieties can be planted before winter. This is especially true for the southern region. Even if part of the planting freezes, this is compensated for in the spring planting.

The Shallot variety Sorokozubka also tolerates winter frosts very well. I have been successfully planting it for the last two years before winter in October, along with garlic. And the result is basically satisfactory.

Each variety has its own taste characteristics. Bitterness is usually clearly traced in golden onions, they are especially sharp and “evil”, they are best used for cooking first and second courses. Bulbs with purple or white skins are perfect for salads. They are sweet and tender, there is no bitterness in them.

When to plant onions before winter is correct

Photo: Planting onions before winter
It is important that onions are planted in open ground before winter on time, when not too early and not too late. In the first case, seedlings may appear even before the onset of stable frosts, and then die, and in the second, the root system will not have time to develop.

Depending on the region, onions are planted for the winter from September to November. But not in any case, not August and not December. If you do not know when to plant onions before winter, do not plant sevok in already frozen soil, it will not germinate - it will not be able to give roots and will simply wallow in the beds, as in a cellar. In this case, with the onset of heat, it will begin to enter as if it had just been planted. All the advantages of winter planting will come to naught.

Planting onions before winter is considered ideal - when the temperature of the earth drops to 5 degrees Celsius. This is easy to check. Make a hole 3-5 cm deep and stick a thermometer into it. Do this several times and print the arithmetic mean. It will tell you about the current soil temperature and whether it is possible to plant onions before winter right now.

Planting onions before winter has its own characteristics. First we need to sort our planting material. This will help you get uniform plantings. Divide the bulbs by size. You should end up with three groups with diameters less than 1 centimeter, from 1 to 3 centimeters and more than 3 cm. But I think that you can not do sorting. You still have to harvest at the same time. It's just that some bulbs will be larger, others smaller. After that, you can proceed to the main actions:

The soil must be prepared for planting onions before winter in late August or early September. Because after fertilizing and digging, the earth must stand for two to three weeks and settle. Otherwise, if you plant onions immediately after digging, the soil will settle, it will be on the surface and freeze.

Dig up the area where you plan to plant onions before winter. Please note that you should not sow this vegetable in one place for more than 2 years in a row. Approximately 2-3 years the earth should rest. Be sure to observe crop rotation. Onions should not be planted after garlic. And as you understand, on the contrary, garlic is not planted after onions. These two crops have the same diseases and pests. At this time, another culture can be planted in it. Onions grow well after tomatoes, cabbage, cucumbers or beets. Choose open sunny areas. The soil must be drained. For digging, add humus, mineral fertilizers - for example, saltpeter. It will also be useful to apply fertilizers that decompose for a long time - phosphorus, magnesium. Right before planting, it is recommended to sprinkle ash or dolomite flour.
After the soil has settled, the area should be leveled with a rake and then furrows about 5-7 cm deep should be made in it. The distance between two grooves should be at least 20 cm.
Spread out or stick in the sevok. Between them there should be a distance of about 7-10 cm.
Sprinkle everything on top with soil and compact it a little. You can sprinkle with humus or sawdust.
If there is no rain, water the onion after 10 days. You shouldn't have done this before!
When frost sets in, the area can be mulched with straw or other available material.

Care for onions that are planted before winter is not required. After all, in winter it does not grow, but “sleeps”. Due to the fact that it takes root well in the fall before the onset of frost. It quickly touches in growth when it gets warm. And this only affects the timing of ripening and harvesting. Care after planting onions before winter consists only in watering, and then, very rarely. It often rains in autumn. And in the spring, care is carried out on the general rules.

Tip: it is best to plant several varieties of onions before winter, then you can compare and choose the one that you like best for the future. In addition, even if the temperature is not stable, at least one species will definitely sprout. It is believed that it is better to plant yellow onions before winter, because purple or white ones do not tolerate frost well. It is best to plant in the spring. It is best to buy winter sevok at the local market by weight. This will ensure that the variety is grown in your region and acclimatized.

If everything is done correctly, shoots will appear around the end of February, beginning of March. Everyone who was not sure before whether they plant onions before winter can do it with peace of mind and get an early harvest next year!

Addendum to the article

When to plant onions before winter in the Krasnodar Territory

There is one important rule that you need to plant onions before winter a few weeks before the onset of stable frosts. But, in the Krasnodar Territory, this rule is very difficult to rely on. It's all about the unstable weather, which is full of surprises from year to year. So October can be rainy, and frosts can easily come at the end of the month. But in early November, the situation may change, with the onset of noticeable warming, until mid-December. It is important to know one thing, you do not need to panic looking at the calendar and plant onions before winter very early, in September. Nothing good will come of it. There are also pluses. Local agronomists have deduced for themselves the time when to plant onions before winter. In the Krasnodar Territory, onion planting before winter is carried out on any day that is successful in terms of weather, from October 20 to November 20. Thus, it is easy to calculate that onions before winter in the Krasnodar Territory can be planted for a whole calendar month. By the way, in this region, both onions and garlic are planted at the same time before winter.

When to plant onions before winter in the suburbs

As I managed to find out, in the Moscow region, the time for planting onions and garlic before winter is different. The reason for this is frequent blizzards. If garlic shoots endure frosts with little or no serious consequences for themselves, then feathers should not appear at all on onions. The bow just needs to take root. To do this, local agronomists deliberately delay the time of planting, as they say, until the last. Thus, as in the South, there is exactly a month when planting onions before winter in the Moscow region can be successful. This month lasts from September 20 to October 20. During this interval, a relatively warm, dry day is selected and onions are planted before winter.

When to plant onions before winter in the Leningrad region

There are two months when planting onions before winter in the Leningrad region to get a good harvest. Only these two months are broken down into months, depending on the onion variety. If it is planned to plant an unknown variety of onions before winter, then any gardener can safely plant, as in the Moscow region, from September 20 to October 20. But if you purchase an onion variety zoned for the Leningrad Region, then the period for planting onions before winter can be calculated from September 1 to October 1. The thing is that different varieties of onions have an individual dormant period. Before this period, the growth point of the onion will not wake up and will not allow the feather to form.

When to plant onions before winter in Siberia

I will say right away that I could not find farmers and agronomists who plant onions before winter in the harsh climate of Siberia. But, there are positive results for ordinary gardeners who use exclusively zoned varieties. Varieties that are more suitable for mild climates are strictly not recommended for planting in Siberia. There is a high percentage of probability of being left without a crop. The period from September 20 to October 10, if the weather permits, when planting onions before winter in Siberia will be the most suitable. I repeat, buy and plant only onion varieties zoned for Siberia.

When to plant onions before winter in the Urals

In the Urals, as we found out, many people plant onions before winter. Wintering of onions in the ground proceeds successfully and it turns out to harvest good crops. Unlike Siberia, in the Urals, both zoned and blindly purchased onion varieties are planted. For reasons I do not understand, I could not find a certain period when to plant onions before winter in the Urals. The local agronomist strictly adheres only to the weather. Every year they make their own calendars, in which they mark the onset of frosts. So, onions are planted in the Urals in the fall exactly one month before the hard frosts. I cannot write with absolute accuracy the interval when to plant onions before winter in the Urals, but I still managed to calculate the date. Planting onions before winter falls on October 1,2,3,4,5. Of course, some plant onions earlier and later, but most gardeners on these dates.

Despite the fact that the information is collected from open sources and is advisory, I hope that these dates, when planting onions before winter in different regions, will help grow a good crop of onions and you will return to my blog to read a note about.

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Good luck planting onions before winter and a good early harvest!