Gardeners know how difficult it is to grow onion sets. But this is still half the trouble. It is much more difficult to preserve the crop in the winter before planting. How can it be: they bought planting material on the market, but it does not give the desired result? Most of the shoots go to arrows. Answers to controversial questions today will be given by our experts at.
While the sevok is stored, at temperatures from zero to 16 degrees, processes of organic formations occur in it. The best option for the occurrence of such processes is 6 degrees. Depending on the variety, in the middle of winter, the rudiments of arrows begin to appear on the onion sets. And if, under these storage conditions, planting material is planted, then we will get seeds, and not a high-quality bulb.
Storage temperature of onion sets
If stored before planting at minus 3 sets or at a temperature above +25, then the arrows do not form. Then we can already talk about a quality crop. The fact is that not all owners can store the purchased sevok at -3. In this situation, you need to have a special refrigerator or a separate refrigerator. It is much easier to find a room with a temperature of +25. As a rule, such storage conditions are in the apartment.
However, at this temperature, planting material, especially small ones, dries. Most often, onions are stored before planting in cellars at a temperature of + 4-5 degrees. Of course, not all material goes to the arrows, but still - its quality is deteriorating. Now it becomes clear why you should not buy onion sets from random sellers.
How to buy onion sets (oatmeal)
If you buy onions in the market, then you need to buy the smallest onions (it is also called onions oatmeal). The probability that a dry set will fall is minimal.
Not only the formation of arrows is affected by temperature. In many ways, the growing season of the onion depends on it. It has been determined that at temperatures from 0 to 14 degrees, the larger the bulb, the worse it grows. And here is the shortest growing season. The size of the bulb will be minimal, just like the greens.
The best harvest is obtained from the sowing, which was stored at a temperature of +25 and at minus 3. So, while it is warm in the yard, you can store sevok after harvesting in the barn. For the winter it is placed in the refrigerator.
Onion sets, variety selection
However, onions are stored this way for the winter only in large farms. Most of those who grow onions for themselves store them at temperatures up to 25 degrees. Let the onion dry well before storage. Not recommended in polyethylene. It is important to constantly ventilate the room where the planting material is stored. It is best to choose nylon stockings or rag bags that will not degrade the quality of the bow.
In summer, we use sets for growing onions, mainly for feathers. Getting it from seeds is a fairly simple task, but keeping sets until spring is not so easy. It can rot, freeze, dry out or germinate prematurely. In addition, even outwardly good sets, the storage of which has been violated, will lead to multiple shooting, because of which the future crop will certainly suffer.
Preparing for storage
We collect sevoc around the end of August. The tops should turn yellow and bend down to the ground. After collection, we carry out a bulkhead with subsequent sorting. Selected bulbs must be whole, healthy, without rot and mechanical damage.
At the end of the first stage, they move on to drying the onion sets. We perform this procedure on the veranda. You can lay out the sevka in a closed, but well-ventilated area.
You will understand the need to finish drying by the state of the husk - it should easily flake off and rustle.
Storage
Seeds can be stored in hanging nets, open bags, cardboard boxes, wooden and plastic boxes with ventilation holes, or simply in bulk on shelves or trays. In the latter case, the sevok is laid out in an even layer up to 20 cm.
It is extremely important to take care of ensuring good ventilation in the room with the stored seed in advance. Otherwise, the onion will soon begin to rot.
If you do not have a basement, then until the onset of spring you can store sevok in a city apartment. It is important to take into account the following nuances:
- Do not store seedlings in close proximity to batteries and other heating devices, avoid overheating of the bulbs.
- Do not store onions in rooms with high humidity - in the bathroom or in the kitchen.
- The room in which the sevok is stored should be regularly ventilated.
- Do not store seedlings directly at the window; direct sunlight should not fall on it.
- Overhaul the onion sets from time to time. All diseased bulbs should be removed in a timely manner.
In a cellar with a stable positive temperature ranging from +2 C to +8 C, the sowing is stored in the so-called "cold" way. It is poured into bags, boxes and boxes with ventilation holes in a layer of up to 15-20 cm. 3 weeks before planting, the bulbs are transferred to a room with room temperature, where they are carefully sorted out and laid out in a dry place.
Some summer residents "store" sevok directly on the beds. For this, planting is carried out not in spring, but in late autumn. This method has the following advantages:
- The sevok will start growing earlier, and you will get an earlier harvest.
- Onions planted in autumn will not rot (in a normal winter).
- The bulbs won't dry out.
- No need to take up space in the basement, have the necessary containers, provide suitable storage conditions.
- In the spring, there will be no need to waste time planting.
The method is especially good in regions with snowy winters.
When storing seedlings in winter, it is desirable to maintain air humidity at a level of 65 to 75%. Humidity, like temperature, should not fluctuate much.
If your sevok rots badly, sort it out, clean the remaining apparently healthy bulbs from the husk, dry them and pour them into a new container.
After collecting onion sets, it must be stored all winter until spring for the next landing. The quality of the future harvest depends on proper storage. You need to know at what temperature and humidity to keep onions and what to do at the first sign of decay.
Preparing for storage
Onion sets should be stored in a well-ventilated place with a constant temperature. Otherwise, it may freeze or overheat, and become unsuitable for spring planting.
Onion sets are smaller than regular bulbs
- Pay special attention to the choice of seed. Onion sets should have a high density, natural shade. It is important that the surface of the set is not deformed.
- Make sure that there is no smell of rot in the bulbs. Why onions rot during storage is described in this.
- Select seedlings in sunlight to carefully inspect all raw materials. One spoiled bulb can lead to rotting of a whole container of sets.
- From each bulb you need to clear the remnants of the earth.
- Dry the sevok. Its roots should be perfectly dry and straightened. They should not have new shoots.
- For drying, the onions are placed in a small room with optimal humidity and air circulation. The temperature during drying should be no more than 32 degrees. In such conditions, the onion is 7 days.
- After drying, you need to warm up the sevok at 40 degrees for 24 hours.
- You can put the onion in a small stocking and hang out to dry.
Drying bulbs in stockings
During the drying process, you can keep the seeds in a bag, basket or plastic container. Clean air must enter the container.
Methods and places of storage
- Wooden boxes.
- Grids.
- Plastic containers.
- Bags.
- Storage in special trays with bulk.
Any container should have a small slot or hole for circulation fresh air.
Sevka storage in plastic containers
The bags must be left open so that the sevok does not start to rot. A net with a bow is hung to a small height.
You can leave the onion outside in not very cold winters. Sevok should be put in a plastic container. Sawdust is pre-poured into it. The onion is laid out in a container in one layer and again covered with sawdust. The container is closed with a lid and placed in a small hole in the ground. It must be dug in a dry area. In the spring, you need to dig out the container and remove the sevok from it.
warm method
The optimum temperature is from 17 to 26 degrees. Humidity in the room should be low, otherwise the bulbs will germinate.
If the room is cold, the sevok will shoot an arrow. And at temperatures above 26 degrees, the bulbs will dry completely. In this case, they cannot be used for landing.
It is required to remove the arrows of the bow to get more feather mass
Sometimes gardeners acquire sevok by the beginning of spring. It is impossible to know exactly how it was stored before. So that the bow does not give arrows, it must be stored only with a warm method before landing in the ground. It is important to dry the raw materials after purchase at +22 degrees. Before planting, the seedlings are kept according to all the rules of the warm method. Periodically, you need to check the sevok so that the bulbs do not start to rot or become covered with excess moisture.
Read about planting onions in the spring on the head.
Spoiled onions are immediately removed from the container to avoid infection of all planting material.
Combined storage method
It combines two storage methods - warm and cold. Sevok is placed in heat before the onset of winter frosts. After a while, the temperature should be gradually reduced. It goes down to 0 degrees. It is at this temperature that onions should be stored until the beginning of spring. After that, the degree is gradually increased to + 27. After 5 days, you need to reduce the heat to +22.
Storing onions in storage, a convenient method for gradual temperature changes
Temperature
The maximum temperature for storage is considered to be +20 degrees, the minimum temperature is up to -1 degree. Ventilation of the room should be fairly regular. Sharp odors of enamel and various paint, household odors should be avoided. In case of non-compliance with the rules and regulations for the storage of onion tubers, seedlings are not allowed for planting. Under improper storage conditions, the sevok knocks out the so-called arrow, devastating the very center of the tuber. As a conclusion, the loss of the previous and current crop.
Onion tubers produced in early winter or late autumn should be stored only in a warm room with a good degree of ventilation, with a temperature of up to +20 degrees. An important point in storage is the warming up of the sevka in the first 8 hours. Next, the room should be ventilated, transfer the heating of the tubers to normal mode up to +20 degrees. In case of non-compliance with this storage scheme, the onion sets will definitely shoot an arrow. Without warming up the tubers in the first 8 hours before laying, we have the opportunity to awaken the inner buds of the tubers and dissolve them ahead of schedule.
If you do not warm up the onion tubers, they will germinate ahead of time.
I would like to note that by preheating the tubers, we will have a smaller percentage of diseases of this kind, such as downy mildew.
Timing
With the right technology, onions can be stored from the time of harvest until the planting period. Shelf life is one winter. In this case, the entire period should be maintained humidity from 65 to 72 percent.
Once the onion has been taken out of storage, its shelf life will be 10 days. During this time, the sevok must be planted, otherwise it will deteriorate when the temperature changes. How to plant onion sets in open ground is described.
Onions are planted in beds and stored for one winter.
If it started to rot
So that the onion sets do not start to rot, you need to follow all the storage recommendations:
- Proper preparation process.
- Specified room temperature.
- Humidity percentage.
- Ventilation frequency.
- Proper storage capacity.
If the sevok suddenly began to rot, it can still be saved. Separate the rotten or infected husk from it. If the sevok was severely affected by rotting, you can completely remove the entire skin from it. During storage, the husk will cover the onion again and it will turn out to be planted in the spring.
In winter, be sure to view the sevok. If you can see that the bulbs are prey, they are removed from the main raw material.
Varieties that do not have high keeping quality include Stardust onions, which you can read about.
Check the skin by touch. If it becomes wet, the onion must be dried.
Video
Results
Storing a bow involves following certain rules. In this case, you can successfully save the sevok the whole winter. With the right approach in the spring, you can plant onions and expect a new, high-quality crop. If the sevok gave sprouts, i.e. the first feathers appear, then you should not throw it away. You can grow green onions at home, and this one will tell you about planting methods.
Preparation for storage includes several stages. First, harvesting onions before storing for the winter. Harvest sevka In the end of August.
In order to be sure of his fully prepared, pay attention to the tops, it should turn yellow. This is a sure sign that the onion is ripe and it's time to harvest it.
After harvesting the onion picking and sorting. For storage for the winter, whole, without rot, healthy specimens are selected. The slightest rotting of one head will result in damage to the entire batch of onions.
Secondly, sevok should be thoroughly dried. Drying onions in the open sun gives the perfect result. In addition, the sevok is dried under a canopy and in a room with excellent ventilation. To dry the sevok, you need light and air, then its husk will become rustling and dry.
An experienced gardener will share his tips for storing sevka with you in this video:
Ways and places
Boxes, containers, bags and trays for storing sevka should have lattice structure, slots, holes.
Bags are stored exclusively in open form. Onion nets are used for hanging storage.
Bulk storage suggests the location of the set layer 15-20 cm thick on shelves in the cellar or attic. The main condition for the successful storage of onions is a constant supply of air.
Warm
Temperature and storage time
At cold method, the optimum storage temperature is minus 3 °C. At warmth- from + 17 to + 24 ° С at a relative humidity of 65-72%.
In order to prevent damage to the onion during the cold storage method, after removing it from a cool place, you need to have time to land not later than 10 days. Otherwise, the change in temperature will do its job, and the onion will go bad.
Emergency care for the initial stage of decay
To prevent disease and decay onions, it is enough just to follow all the recommendations: correct preparation, temperature, humidity, fresh air circulation, suitable containers and storage place.
What to do if the onion still began to rot? Has the harvest been lost, and all efforts have gone down the drain? Of course, there is a way out of this situation.
Partially rotten or diseased onions you can try to save. To do this, remove the layer of husk at the site of infection. You can try the bulb "undress" completely. In the process of lying down, it will again be covered with a healthy husk and become suitable for further planting.
Thus, the storage of sevka is a whole science. Compliance with all terms and conditions guarantees successful preservation crop and protect it from damage.
Onion is a unique plant unpretentious in growth and care, and so tender in storage.
He, like all living things, needs protection and care. However, with proper processing, storage and planting, onions will give a new crop which will please with its abundance.
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